New Jersey is a U.S. state that is located in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and northeast by the state of New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania, and on the southwest by Delaware. New Jersey is the fourth least extensive, but the 11th most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 United States. It lies mostly within the sprawling metropolitan areas of New York City and Philadelphia. Its state capital is Trenton. It is also the third wealthiest by 2009–2010 median household income.
The area was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years, with historical tribes, such as the Lenape, along the coast. In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements. The British later seized control of the region, naming it the Province of New Jersey. It was granted as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton. At this time, it was named after the largest of the British Channel Islands, Jersey, Carteret's birthplace. New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War.
