Lorraine was a French region represented by the Cardinal of Lorraine in 1572. (TV: The Massacre [+]John Lucarotti and Donald Tosh, Doctor Who season 3 (BBC1, 1966).)
By the outbreak of World War I in June 1914, Alsace-Lorraine was held by Germany. As France wanted these provinces back, Germany attacked France first. (PROSE: Human Nature [+]Paul Cornell, Virgin New Adventures (Virgin Books, 1995).)